This article contains information about ADHD medications but is not intended to serve as medical advice. If you have questions about ADHD treatment, consult a professional like the ones at Family First.

Medication can be a safe, effective part of treatment for teens with ADHD. For many adolescents with ADHD, stimulant medications are a first-line treatment, which means they’re one of the first approaches that are used to try and manage symptoms. Non-stimulant medications are also available, but the right choice should be made between your teen’s provider, you, and your teen.

What Do ADHD Meds Do?

Put simply, ADHD meds help control disruptive symptoms. Trouble paying attention or sitting still and impulsive behaviors are usually some of the most challenging—especially for adolescents in school. Stimulants and non-stimulants work differently from each other, but the goal of both is the same—to help the person with ADHD manage their symptoms so they can focus on making progress without as many issues.

Medication Options for Your Teen

Your teen’s ADHD symptoms, age, co-occurring conditions, history with medications, and other factors will help a mental health professional determine the best approach to medication management. They may recommend stimulants, non-stimulants, or neither. In most cases, they’re also likely to recommend behavioral therapy to help your teen learn social and time management skills.

Stimulants

For most people with ADHD, stimulants are the most effective option in managing symptoms. There are short- and long-acting stimulants that become active and wear off at different times.

• Short-acting stimulants usually start working in less than an hour—often closer to 30 minutes—and last for three to six hours, which is less than a normal school day.
• Long-acting stimulants, sometimes called “extended-release,” start working immediately and release more medication over a period of eight to 16 hours, which means your teen wouldn’t have to take them at school.

The most popular stimulant options contain one of two active ingredients: methylphenidate or amphetamines. You might be familiar with brand names like Ritalin, Concerta, or Adderall, which are all stimulant medications for ADHD and contain one of these ingredients.

Stimulant medications can cause side effects. Most common are appetite loss and trouble sleeping. They’ve also been reported to disrupt growth cycles (particularly in boys) but recent research has shown that they often don’t affect someone’s final height or the time it takes to reach it.

Non-Stimulants

There are non-stimulant medications for ADHD, but they’re generally considered not as effective as stimulants. However, they are good alternatives for people who can’t tolerate stimulants or who have issues with substance use. They’re also sometimes prescribed if stimulants—or stimulants alone—aren’t effective.

Non-stimulants don’t work as quickly as stimulants. Popular options, like Strattera, Qelbree, and Intuniv, take a few weeks to become fully effective. Once they’re fully effective, they tend to last longer per dose than stimulants.

Like other medications, non-stimulants also have side effects. Fatigue, stomach problems, and headaches are all common side effects. Loss of appetite, similar to stimulants, has also been an issue for some people.

Questions to Ask Your Teen’s Provider

When you’re talking with your teen’s provider about medication management for their ADHD, ask questions so you know what to expect.

Are Stimulants or Non-Stimulants Safer?

While both types of ADHD medication are well-studied and considered safe, their suitability depends on your teen’s unique physical and emotional needs. Discuss any pre-existing health conditions, family history, or concerns about side effects with your healthcare provider.

What Is the Safest Stimulant for ADHD?

It depends. Certain stimulants may have fewer side effects for your teen, depending on their metabolism, co-occurring conditions, and overall health. A provider should guide you in selecting the most appropriate option.

How Will You Find the Right Dose? Will It Change?

Finding the right dosage often requires some trial and observation. A provider may start with a low dose and adjust as needed. Over time, as your teen grows and their needs change, their dosage may need to updated.

Should My Teen Take ADHD Meds?

It depends on your teen’s unique challenges, goals, and responses to medication. Medication may make a significant difference in their ability to function effectively, but it isn’t right for everyone. Monitor any side effects they might experience and talk with their care team to make sure they’re responding well.

What Happens If They Experience Side Effects?

Just because side effects are common doesn’t mean your teen has to just deal with them. Side effects can usually be managed, whether by adjusting the dose, switching to a different medication, or adding strategies like meal planning to address appetite changes. Work closely with your teen’s provider to address any concerns promptly and effectively.

How Can I Make Sure They Take Their Medication?

Teens can forget or resist taking their medication. You’ll need strategies that fit your child’s personality and routine—this could include setting reminders, simplifying their schedule, or closely monitoring their medication use. If adherence becomes a serious challenge, talk to your provider about building better habits.

What If My Teen Has Sensory Issues?

Many people with ADHD have sensory sensitivities. ADHD meds usually come in different formats like pills, sprinkles, liquids, or patches. Be sure to discuss your teen’s sensory preferences or challenges with their provider to find a medication option that minimizes discomfort and improves their adherence.