When you have a child with autism, parenting might be different than you expected. As they get older and grow into a teenager, they’ll face new challenges and encounter responsibilities that they’ll have to learn to navigate. Neurodevelopmental disorders in teens, like autism, can be especially challenging on their social lives, schoolwork, and transition to adulthood. Your support and guidance as a parent will be crucial in helping them succeed.
Your Autistic Teen Is Not Alone
Autism spectrum disorder affects people differently and to varying degrees. It can manifest as challenges in social interaction, difficulties in communication, repetitive behaviors, and a unique set of strengths and abilities. In the United States, approximately 1 in 36 children and 1 in 45 adults receive an autism diagnosis. Notably, the prevalence is significantly higher among boys, with about 4 in 100 boys affected compared to 1 in 100 girls, indicating that boys are nearly four times more likely to be diagnosed with autism than girls.1
While professionals typically diagnose ASD in early childhood, some teens may not receive their diagnoses until later in life. This can be due to the subtlety of their symptoms, a lack of awareness about autism in previous generations, or unexpected events. Some teens may exhibit mild symptoms, while others may face more significant challenges in their daily lives. Knowing where your teen falls on the spectrum can help you meet their needs better.
How Autism Affects Teens
Adolescence is a period of intense change and development. Teens start developing more meaningful relationships, having more complex social interactions, and facing new responsibilities in and out of school. Your autistic teen might find these areas especially challenging:
- Social challenges – Many autistic people find it difficult to interpret social cues, understand body language, or empathize. This may lead to awkward interactions or social isolation, which can cause anxiety or depression.
- Communication difficulties – These can include delayed speech, a reliance on nonverbal communication, or challenges in maintaining a two-way conversation. Teens may also exhibit echolalia, repeating words or phrases they hear.
- Repetitive behaviors – These behaviors can include routines, rituals, or repetitive movements such as hand-flapping or rocking. Often called “stimming,” or self-stimulating behavior, these activities can help autistic teens regulate their emotions or cope with sensory overload but may interrupt daily activities or cause social stigma.
- Sensory sensitivities – Many teens with autism have heightened or reduced sensitivity to sensory inputs like lights, sounds, textures, or tastes. This can result in discomfort or overstimulation in everyday environments.
- Focused interests – Autistic teens often develop intense interests in specific topics or activities, dedicating significant time and energy to them.
While it may seem contradictory, connection and independence are two of the most significant challenges autistic teens are likely to encounter. Interacting with people who they’re not familiar with can cause a lot of anxiety, but at the same time, they may crave independence and want to explore their interests on their own. As a parent, you can help them learn how to build strong, meaningful relationships with others while embracing their unique qualities and interests.
How Can You Support Your Autistic Teen?
Managing autism involves creating a supportive environment that caters to your teen’s unique needs. Here are some strategies to consider:
- Routine and structure – Establishing a predictable routine can provide comfort and reduce anxiety for your teen. Consistency is critical, whether it’s in daily schedules or schoolwork. Teaching them how to create their own routine can also promote self-management skills and independence.
- Communication – Encourage open and honest communication with your teen, even if their language abilities are limited. Utilize visual aids or alternative modes of expression, such as writing or drawing, to facilitate understanding. Be patient and give them time to process information before expecting a response.
- Social skills training – Many programs offer social skills training for teens with autism, which provides an opportunity to practice social interactions in a safe environment. Consider enrolling your teen in one of these programs or looking for online resources that you can work on together at home.
- Sensory accommodations – Work with your teen to identify their sensory sensitivities and find ways to accommodate them. This can include using headphones to block out noise, providing a private space for breaks, or incorporating sensory activities like fidget toys into their routine. Helping them recognize when they need to take a break and providing them with appropriate tools can be beneficial in managing sensory overload.
- Encouragement and support – Be patient, understanding, and accepting of your teen’s unique challenges. Encourage their interests and celebrate their accomplishments. Let them know that you are there to support them no matter what.
As your teen gets older, it’s essential to encourage them to advocate for themselves and their needs. This can involve teaching them how to communicate their needs effectively and navigate challenging situations with confidence.
Your teen may need your support for a longer time and may need help well into adulthood. It’s important to remember that their journey is unique, and there is no one-size-fits-all approach. As a parent, your love, understanding, and support can make all the difference in helping your autistic teen thrive in their teenage years and beyond.
Celebrating Neurodiversity at Family First Adolescent Services
At Family First Adolescent Services, we understand the unique challenges that autistic teens and their families face. That’s why we offer a highly individualized approach to treatment and support, tailored specifically to the needs of each teen.
We never try to “fix” our clients or force them to conform. Instead, we celebrate their unique neurodiversity and provide the tools, support, and resources necessary for them to reach their full potential. Our team of experienced professionals is dedicated to providing compassionate care and helping families and autistic teens navigate the challenges of adolescence and beyond. Call 888.904.5947 or contact us online now.
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